Tarentilla is a fable by the III century b.c. Latin comedy and tragedy writer Gneo Nevio. It is a Latin comedy with a Greek subject; the title can be translated in Italian as La ragazza di Taranto (Taranto’s girl), which derives from the Latin name of the town Tarentum, It is the best kept of Nevio’s comedies and it is the only one among the 35 fables whose plot can be traced down. It comes from a Greek comedy, we do not have any information about, yet enormously successful in Rome.

The play opens with an intro by Nievo complaining about how a slave in Greece was allowed to criticize a tragedy or a comedy while Roman citizens did not have the same right. Nievo meant therefore that a Greek slave had more freedom than a free Roman man.